Liquid nitrogen branding - Branding times should be shortened during periods of rapid hair growth, such as spring and fall (more so in spring than fall). The amount of pressure applied and the length of clipped hair also affect branding time. PRECAUTIONS: Dry ice, liquid Nitrogen, and super-chilled solutions and irons can cause serious freeze burns. Wear protective ...

 
Instructions For Nitrogen Valve Assembly. Here are the detailed instructions for the assembly of nitrogen valves that are in sizes 1/2″ to 2-1/2″ (or 2″ full bore). Utilizing a cloth and IPA solution, completely sterile the valve components. Apply the proper lubricant to the stem thrust seal, packing, and bearing.. Vital presets

Liquid Nitrogen Freezers. Liquid nitrogen (LN2) freezers offer a cold storage solution for preserving samples at temperatures ranging from -150°C down to -190°C. These LN2 freezers are available in a variety of sizes and features and from top brands such as MVE, Worthington Industries and Custom Biogenic Systems. Showing 1–12 of 152 results.Wondering how liquid assets are defined and what percentage of your assets should be liquid? Here’s some helpful guidance. We may receive compensation from the products and service...All the different laundry options can be overwhelming. Some of the first mass-produced laundry detergents were bars of soap that were used with a washboard and washtub. Powders and...AQR GLOBAL RISK PARITY ENHANCED LIQUIDITY FUND CLASS A- Performance charts including intraday, historical charts and prices and keydata. Indices Commodities Currencies StocksThis is a short instructional video on how to freeze brand cattle using the dry ice method.For this method, I used approx. 15-20 pounds of dry ice, and about...Sep 17, 2023 · A very small number of people have experimented with cold branding using liquid nitrogen. "Freeze branding" is extremely rare, if not largely unheard of, among body modification enthusiasts, but many ranchers regard it as the best way to brand their animals as it does only minimal damage. Behance is the world's largest creative network for showcasing and discovering creative work CGOLDENWALL 10L Cryogenic Container Liquid Nitrogen LN2 Tank Dewar Liquid nitrogen dewar Aluminum Alloy with 6 Canisters and Carry Bag (10L) 500ml (16oz.) Liquid Nitrogen (LN2) Sprayer - Freeze Treatment Instrument Unit with 9 Freeze Heads from U.S. SOLID, Empty Tank. Only 9 left in stock - order soon. Tap into the power of your brand. Liquid Agency improves your business value by designing brand-aligned employee and customer experiences. Liquid Agency is where brands come to be created, reimagined and amplified. Liquid Agency provides brand strategy services and other brand solutions geared toward building brands that people believe in ...We are trying something new this year with freeze branding. Due to our suppliers not being able to get dry ice, we are going to use liquid nitrogen to brand...period than with the liquid nitrogen method. Liquid nitrogen (-344°F) cools freeze branding irons to a colder temperature than do alcohol and dry ice (-112°F). When using …The temperature of liquid nitrogen is −195.79 °C (77 K; −320 °F). Liquid nitrogen has many uses, but poses risks of frostbite, explosion, and suffocation if handled incorrectly. Liquid nitrogen is very … Get contact details & address of companies manufacturing and supplying Liquid Nitrogen, Nitrogen Liquid, Liquid Nitrogen Gas across India. ... Brand: SVCG. Boiling ... In this video, Paul Maulsby discusses liquid nitrogen dry ice.CGOLDENWALL 10L Cryogenic Container Liquid Nitrogen LN2 Tank Dewar Liquid nitrogen dewar Aluminum Alloy with 6 Canisters and Carry Bag (10L) 500ml (16oz.) Liquid Nitrogen (LN2) Sprayer - Freeze Treatment Instrument Unit with 9 Freeze Heads from U.S. SOLID, Empty Tank. Only 9 left in stock - order soon. Dry ice is extremely expensive compared to nitrogen with a few bags of it typically running about $50. Alcohol almost has to be bought through a vet supply and runs about $25/gallon. You’ll almost certainly need at least that much. That $75 cost per branding session is made worse by the fact that it doesn’t go as far as liquid nitrogen. 57. Location. SW MO. Oct 1, 2017. #2. We freeze brand, and use the dry ice and alcohol, only because it is easiest to buy and store. We get our alcohol from Macs Vet Supply in Springfield, MO. You can call and check if they will mail, but I am not sure what shipping would be. I think we pay $20 for a gallon.Liquidating the assets of a trust after the creator has passed requires a step-by-step process to reduce the risks of legal mistakes or challenges by beneficiaries. You can disburs... Step 3: Combine Ingredients and Let It Cook. The amount of dry ice used really depends on the size of the brand and how long your going to be doing it, but for my purposes I only needed it for once and a tupperware container worth of dry ice was enough. Pour enough acetone over the ice to completely cover the brand and the dry ice. Industrial Grade Liquid Nitrogen, GP55 200 Liter More... NPN : NI GP55 | Qty : Min. Ord. Qty: 1 | Qty. Interval: 1 My Custom Orders Login for Price Compare Industrial Grade Liquid Nitrogen, GP55 200 Liter Low Pressure Liquid C...Liquid nitrogen has a boiling point of about −196 °C (−321 °F; 77 K). It is produced industrially by fractional distillation of liquid air. It is a colorless, mobile liquid whose viscosity is about one tenth that of acetone (i.e. roughly one thirtieth that of room temperature water). Liquid nitrogen is widely used as a coolant .as an ownership brand or in -herd identification number series brand. Freeze branding is a technique in which a supercold branding iron, properly applied to the animal's hide, kills the pigment ... firms, and others. Liquid nitrogen will cool and recool your irons faster than the dry ice method. If you are using liquid nitrogen, pour the ...Here is the U.S. Solid 500ml (16 oz.) Liquid Nitrogen (LN2) Sprayer which comes complete with 9 different freeze heads. The 9 freeze heads offer a more accurate and safe handling of LN2 and is constructed with an aluminum alloy interior canister which makes it lightweight and portable; weighing 1.5 lbs. empty. This sprayer is not intended for a ...We use cookies to provide you with a great experience and to help our website run effectively. Frozen Cocktails, Ice Cream, and Sorbets, perfectly frozen at -321° using liquid nitrogen. Frost 321 creates the most …Are you preparing for air travel and don't know the maximum liquid carry on airplane? Here are the essential things you should know. By: Author Woodrow Matthews Posted on Last upda...Shop by Brand. U.S. Solid; View all Brands; Refine By No filters applied ... Liquid Nitrogen Sprayer LN2 Freeze Treatment Instrument Unit 500ml (16oz) Here is the U.S. Solid 500ml (16 oz.) Liquid Nitrogen (LN2) Sprayer which comes complete with 9 different freeze heads. The 9 freeze heads offer a more accurate and safe handling of LN2 and is ...The procedure typically involves running cattle into a race, clipping the area to be branded, applying antiseptic and then branding with an alloy freeze brand cooled with either liquid nitrogen or dry ice. Mr Fraser said freeze branding with liquid nitrogen typically requires the brand to be held in place for around 15-20 seconds, while dry ice ... Liquid nitrogen ( -344 F) cools freeze branding irons to a colder temperature than alcohol and dry ice (-112 F). When liquid nitrogen is used to cool branding irons, the irons should be pressed against the hide for approximately 20 to 45 seconds depending upon the age of the animal and outside temperature (Table 1). Hot summer temperatures and ... Dry ice is extremely expensive compared to nitrogen with a few bags of it typically running about $50. Alcohol almost has to be bought through a vet supply and runs about …The safe handling and use of liquid nitrogen in liquid nitrogen dewars or flasks is possible only by knowing the potential hazards and using common-sense procedures based on that knowledge. There are two important properties of liquid nitrogen that present potential hazards: It is extremely cold. At atmospheric pressure, liquid nitrogen boils ...Sep 17, 2023 · A very small number of people have experimented with cold branding using liquid nitrogen. "Freeze branding" is extremely rare, if not largely unheard of, among body modification enthusiasts, but many ranchers regard it as the best way to brand their animals as it does only minimal damage. Bodymod artists are a rather tight knit community and I wouldn't be surprised if cold branding is practised behind closed doors, without talking about it openly on the internet. I have a small liquid nitrogen brand, but no hair grew in over it so I am not much help. Just wanted to add that in addition to the body modification community, you may ... After a lifetime spent building a portfolio, you'll eventually have to deconstruct it, steadily selling off your holdings until they're nothing left. After a lifetime spent buildin...A number of branding tools of various metals and various sizes in combination with several wetting agents were cooled with liquid nitrogen and applied to calves and mature cattle and white hair appeared in the shape of the brand on the animals in place of dark hair when the application was properly carried out. A number of branding tools of various metals and …To freeze brand an animal, a branding iron is first chilled to a temperature of between -50 to -100 degrees Celsius using liquid nitrogen or dry ice. Once the branding iron is sufficiently cold, it is applied to the animal's skin for a period of time ranging from 10 to 60 seconds, depending on the type of animal and the desired branding size.Jan 29, 2021 · The green liquid in the flask is just a reaction n... This is what it looks like when you pour liquid nitrogen into isopropyl alcohol (2-propanol, isopropanol). Jun 24, 2019 · He prefers liquid nitrogen to cool irons rather than alcohol and dry ice because you can get the irons colder and make a better brand. Liquid nitrogen is the coldest fluid (minus 344ºF); the branding iron shouldn’t be left on the skin as long as when using dry ice and alcohol. A link from BBC A link from BBC Batteries and hydrogen fuel cells have a new competitor, says the Institute of Mechanical Engineers: Air from which water vapor and CO2 have been re... Liquid nitrogen has a boiling point of about −196 °C (−321 °F; 77 K). It is produced industrially by fractional distillation of liquid air. It is a colorless, mobile liquid whose viscosity is about one tenth that of acetone (i.e. roughly one thirtieth that of room temperature water). Liquid nitrogen is widely used as a coolant . A link from BBC A link from BBC Batteries and hydrogen fuel cells have a new competitor, says the Institute of Mechanical Engineers: Air from which water vapor and CO2 have been re... Dry ice is extremely expensive compared to nitrogen with a few bags of it typically running about $50. Alcohol almost has to be bought through a vet supply and runs about $25/gallon. You’ll almost certainly need at least that much. That $75 cost per branding session is made worse by the fact that it doesn’t go as far as liquid nitrogen. MC Freeze Branding. For freeze branding, you?ll need liquid nitrogen and a container to hold the liquid nitrogen and branding irons while cooling. The effectiveness of freeze branding is variable, and results are usually better for black and red cattle than for white cattle. Freeze brand calves for 20 to 24 seconds, and cows for 25 to 30 seconds. Here is a step by step guide for how to freeze brand cattle. Freeze branding cattle continues to be popular. Ranchers are now using freeze branding as a way ...Are you preparing for air travel and don't know the maximum liquid carry on airplane? Here are the essential things you should know. By: Author Woodrow Matthews Posted on Last upda...Freeze branding is a relatively new method of identification, but it has already become popular among farmers and ranchers who need to identify their livestock. ... Liquid Nitrogen Sales MVE storage tanks Liquid Nitrogen Rental Tanks Branding Irons Insemination Supplies ST Genetics Other. Additional Details. SEND REQUEST. SERVING …Dec 10, 2023 · 1. Choose appropriate transportation if you are picking it up. You can either pick up liquid nitrogen in person from a supplier or have it delivered to you. If you’re collecting your dewar at a supplier, you’ll need to have a vehicle that can suitably carry it from the supplier back to your home or workspace. Fast forward to today, and the brand is still charging full liquid nitrogen steam ahead with more than 30 franchise locations now open across the country, including one in the Bahamas. Earlier this year, the brand launched one of its newest parlors in Worcester, Massachusetts, which is the fourth Sub Zero Nitrogen Ice Cream location …Liquid nitrogen is a colorless, odorless, non-flammable, non-corrosive and extremely cold element that finds a lot of applications including research and development. Liquid Nitrogen Liquefaction : Liquid Nitrogen Plant (LNP) draws out Nitrogen gas from the atmospheric air and then liquefies it with the help of Cryocooler. ... Branding of ...Most doctors use liquid nitrogen, which can reach temperatures as low as -320 F to freeze off the wart. Your doctor may shave off dead skin on the wart area with a blade before doing the cryosurgery.Oct 16, 2023 · Liquid nitrogen or ethanol (usually 99%) chilled with dry ice serves as the typical liquid coolant; Individual animal restraint equipment, such as a neck clamp or squeeze chute; The area to be branded must be shaved with manual or electric hair clippers before the branding iron can make skin contact, so you might need access to an electrical ... Jun 24, 2019 · He prefers liquid nitrogen to cool irons rather than alcohol and dry ice because you can get the irons colder and make a better brand. Liquid nitrogen is the coldest fluid (minus 344ºF); the branding iron shouldn’t be left on the skin as long as when using dry ice and alcohol. Shop by Brand. U.S. Solid; View all Brands; Refine By No filters applied ... Liquid Nitrogen Sprayer LN2 Freeze Treatment Instrument Unit 500ml (16oz) Here is the U.S. Solid 500ml (16 oz.) Liquid Nitrogen (LN2) Sprayer which comes complete with 9 different freeze heads. The 9 freeze heads offer a more accurate and safe handling of LN2 and is ...Freeze branding takes about 3 to 10 minutes per head and costs about $0.05 per head or less when using dry ice. Cost is more than doubled if liquid nitrogen is used. Equipment Needed for Freeze Branding. Cooper freeze branding irons—size depending upon the size of the cattle. See moreThe takeaway. If you’re thinking about body branding, make sure you know what the process entails. Unlike a tattoo or a piercing, the burn will be permanent, so also make sure it’s something ...Human branding or stigmatizing is the process by which a mark, usually a symbol or ornamental pattern, is burned into the skin of a living person, with the intention that the resulting scar makes it permanent. This is performed using a hot or very cold branding iron.It therefore uses the physical techniques of livestock branding on a human, either …Branding times should be shortened during periods of rapid hair growth, such as spring and fall (more so in spring than fall). The amount of pressure applied and the length of clipped hair also affect branding time. PRECAUTIONS: Dry ice, liquid Nitrogen, and super-chilled solutions and irons can cause serious freeze burns. Wear protective ... Liquid nitrogen expands 695 times in volume when it vaporizes and has no warning properties such as odor or color. Hence, if sufficient liquid nitrogen is vaporized so as to reduce the oxygen percentage to below 19.5%, there is a risk of oxygen deficiency which may cause unconsciousness. Death may result if oxygen deficiency is extreme. Cyy Brand Factory Price 175 L 210L 450L 500L LNG Cryogenic Gas Cylinder, Liquid Nitrogen Cylinder Dewar, Find Details about Cryogenic Cylinder, ...Liquid Nitrogen is extremely cold, and sits at about -321 degrees Fahrenheit, or about -196 degrees Celsius. It is very dangerous that it is this cold, which is why we state time and again throughout this write-up to use all necessary safety precautions. The expansion rate of liquid Nitrogen is about 700:1, or for every 1 liter of liquid ...Brandabull is the revolutionary, fully portable freeze branding system that can be used instantly and does not require pre-delivery of dry ice or liquid nitrogen. This means …Advertisement In the last section, we looked at the simplest aerosol-can design, which uses compressed gas as a propellant. In the more popular system, the propellant is a liquefie...Liquid nitrogen (at −196 C) was successfully used as a coolant in a simple, inexpensive, and rapid method of marking salmon and trout with a metal branding tool. The marks, applied to as many as ...Sep 2, 2023 · Unlike hot iron branding, which involves intense heat application, freeze branding utilizes liquid nitrogen or other cryogenic substances to cool metal brand irons to extremely low temperatures (-30°C to -160°C/-22°F to -256°F). The frozen irons are then applied to shaved areas of the animal’s hide, causing minimal trauma. 1965. 23. PDF. Liquid nitrogen was successfully used as a coolant in a simple, inexpensive, and rapid method of marking salmon and trout with a metal branding tool and the marks were consistently clear and readily identifiable for at least 14 months after application. Liquid nitrogen (at −196 C) was successfully used as a coolant in a simple ...Advertisement Liquid foundation is the most popular foundation product on the market. It's available in water-, cream- and oil-based formulations for light, medium and heavy covera...Liquid nitrogen expands 695 times in volume when it vaporizes and has no warning properties such as odor or color. Hence, if sufficient liquid nitrogen is vaporized so as to reduce the oxygen percentage to below 19.5%, there is a risk of oxygen deficiency which may cause unconsciousness. Death may result if oxygen deficiency is extreme.15 Jun 2023 ... LN2 for Farming. Branding is a convenient method of permanently identifying cattle. Freeze branding uses liquid nitrogen and a cold branding ...Freeze branding is a relatively new method of identification, but it has already become popular among farmers and ranchers who need to identify their livestock. ... Liquid Nitrogen Sales MVE storage tanks Liquid Nitrogen Rental Tanks Branding Irons Insemination Supplies ST Genetics Other. Additional Details. SEND REQUEST. SERVING …Liquid nitrogen (at −196 C) was successfully used as a coolant in a simple, inexpensive, and rapid method of marking salmon and trout with a metal branding tool. The marks, applied to as many as 650 fish per hour per marker, were consistently clear and readily identifiable for at least 14 months after application. No mortalities could be attributed to …Liquid nitrogen was used as the coolant, and the contact time was 3 s Fig. 1. The cold-branding equipment used in the experiment. for salmon and 2.5 s for rainbow trout. Six different positions on the fish were used for marking, namely behind the gills, under the dorsal fin and under the adipose fin on each side of the body.Since their entry into the mainstream market, liquid flashing has become one of the core parts of any modern home weatherproofing setup, being especially Expert Advice On Improving...1. Container with liquid nitrogen (-300°F) or dry ice and alcohol. 2. Gloves to handle branding irons and liquid nitrogen con-tainer. 3. Small animal clippers with Number 40 clipper blades. 4. 95% alcohol 5. Stopwatch 6. Branding irons (brass, copper, stainless steel, etc.) at least 1 inch depth front to back. Procedure 1. Clip the area to be ...Advertisement Coal can be converted to liquid fuel using either direct or indirect liquefaction. Direct liquefaction isn't used in the U.S. because in order to comply with U.S. sta...Smashing rubber. Take a length of rubber tube and place one end in a bucket of liquid nitrogen. Liquid nitrogen will spray spectacularly out of the other end, so be careful where you point it! When the spraying stops, the tube will be at the same temperature as the nitrogen. Remove it, and tap it on a nearby surface to demonstrate that its ...7 likes, 0 comments - faithbasedfarm on October 4, 2020: "Slow mo liquid nitrogen waste #woah #branding #thankfulforlife #ranchlife #cattle #liquidnitrogen #mist #eeerie"Brand: liquid nitrogen container 47 liter with racks & boxes. SKU: CRYC-47 Category: Lab Equipments Tags: Cryogenic containers/LN2 ... Description Description. Features and Benefits: Liquid Nitrogen Container With Racks Unique hanging rack and grided box design Advanced vacuum insulation Durable aluminium construction Plastic box, for storing ...Since their entry into the mainstream market, liquid flashing has become one of the core parts of any modern home weatherproofing setup, being especially Expert Advice On Improving...Cryotherapy is a minimally- invasive treatment that freezes skin surface lesions using extremely cold liquid or instruments (cryogen). Cryotherapy, also known as cryosurgery or cryoablation, can be delivered with various cryogens. Liquid nitrogen is the most common and effective cryogen for clinical use (temperature –196°C). Other cryogens ...Nitrogen is essential to living things, but it also plays hard to get. Advertisement Everybody needs nitrogen, but as far as non-negotiable, life-sustaining elements go, it's trick...456 views, 3 likes, 0 comments, 0 shares, Facebook Reels from Paragon Studios: Liquid Nitrogen Branding by Logan Drennen @gr8redape once a Month at Paragon Studios! Call or Text us at (304)...Are you preparing for air travel and don't know the maximum liquid carry on airplane? Here are the essential things you should know. By: Author Woodrow Matthews Posted on Last upda...We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us.Related Products: Ice Bucket Liquid Nitrogen. Compare this item. Multi-Purpose Foam Container. Thermosafe. Features: EPS foam containers in 200 lb. test corrugated carton Large selection of cost-effective, reusable EPS foam in corrugate stock containers available Excellent dry ice sublimation… average dry ice usage in 1-1/2 inch thick wall ...The safe handling and use of liquid nitrogen in liquid nitrogen dewars or flasks is possible only by knowing the potential hazards and using common-sense procedures based on that knowledge. There are two important properties of liquid nitrogen that present potential hazards: It is extremely cold. At atmospheric pressure, liquid nitrogen boils ...Jul 18, 2022 · Sometimes liquid nitrogen is denoted as LN 2, LN, or LIN. A United Nations Number (UN or UNID) is a four-digit code used to identify flammable and harmful chemicals. Liquid nitrogen is identified as UN number 1,977. At normal pressure, liquid nitrogen boils at 77 K (−195.8° C or −320.4° F). The liquid-to-gas expansion ratio of nitrogen is ... - On-site delivery of liquid nitrogen for semen and embryo storage - MVE storage tanks - Freeze brand tank rentals - 8-10 week fill/delivery schedules - Emergency fills. ... Liquid Nitrogen Sales MVE storage tanks Liquid Nitrogen Rental Tanks Branding Irons Insemination Supplies ST Genetics Other. Additional Details. SEND REQUEST. Home; …Jun 14, 2022 · Strike branding: Applying heated metal to brand the skin to create a design. Cold branding: A scarification artist will freeze a piece of metal using liquid nitrogen to burn a design into the skin. Liquid nitrogen expands 695 times in volume when it vaporizes and has no warning properties such as odor or color. Hence, if sufficient liquid nitrogen is vaporized so as to reduce the oxygen percentage to below 19.5%, there is a risk of oxygen deficiency which may cause unconsciousness. Death may result if oxygen deficiency is extreme. Commonly used methods of freeze branding include using a combination of dry ice and 99% isopropyl alcohol, or liquid nitrogen. “Liquid nitrogen is nice in that it …

The coolant can be a composite of dry ice and alcohol, 95% alcohol, or liquid nitrogen. The healing process typically lasts for six to eight weeks. Importantly, the temperature of the freeze branding, the amount of contact time with the skin, and the thickness of the skin are all important variables that determine the depth of injury.. Gaming laptop under dollar700

liquid nitrogen branding

W# Nitrogen Logo · Shop Online · Liquid Nitrogen Menu Toggle. Liquid Nitrogen Sales · Tanks for Rent · Tanks for Sale. Branding Irons Menu Toggle. Freez...As of 2007, the price of liquid nitrogen can range anywhere between 50 cents and $2.00 a gallon. Liquid nitrogen itself is cheap, but it can be pricey when buying a liquid nitrogen...A solution-based business focused on the sales and delivery of medical grade liquid nitrogen and accessories. Learn More. LN2 Applications. LN2 Applications. Sales and delivery of medical grade liquid nitrogen and accessories to doctors’ offices, medical clinics, restaurants, schools, and machine shops.Art event in Beckley, WV by Paragon Studios on Tuesday, November 28 2023Jan 29, 2021 · The green liquid in the flask is just a reaction n... This is what it looks like when you pour liquid nitrogen into isopropyl alcohol (2-propanol, isopropanol). 7 likes, 0 comments - faithbasedfarm on October 4, 2020: "Slow mo liquid nitrogen waste #woah #branding #thankfulforlife #ranchlife #cattle #liquidnitrogen #mist #eeerie"Abstract. A number of branding tools of various metals and various sizes in combination with several wetting agents were cooled with liquid nitrogen and applied for different lengths of time to calves and mature cattle. White hair appeared in the shape of the brand on the animals in place of dark hair when the application was properly carried out.Freeze branding takes about 3 to 10 minutes per head and costs about $0.05 per head or less when using dry ice. Cost is more than doubled if liquid nitrogen is used. Equipment …All the different laundry options can be overwhelming. Some of the first mass-produced laundry detergents were bars of soap that were used with a washboard and washtub. Powders and...We are trying something new this year with freeze branding. Due to our suppliers not being able to get dry ice, we are going to use liquid nitrogen to brand...In the freeze branding group, the same iron brand was cooled by immersing it into liquid nitrogen, which was maintained in a styrofoam box, until the “boiling" action ceased and then placed in contact with the animal's skin for 60 seconds (Householder et al., 2001). Hot iron branding is part of the standard animal identification procedure at ...Jan 25, 2022 · Overview. Freeze branding of horses has many advantages. It is safe, economical, simple to do, and relatively painless. It can be done on horses of any age and does not damage the horse's hide. This publication gives complete, step-by-step instructions for freeze branding as well as information on branding systems and sites. (4 Pages) Livestock industries (cattle branding) NMR spectrometers and MRI system. ... With liquid nitrogen prices ever-increasing, having an onsite liquid nitrogen generator is a significant advantage in your process control and could save you tons of money. As a rule of thumb, a liquid nitrogen generator pays for itself within 6 to 18 months, depending ....

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