Apply online and get your ETA in seconds. Available 24/7. Available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Valid for at Least One Year. An ETA will allow you to travel to Australia as many times as you want within 12 months from the date it is issued. Eliminate Standing in Line. Apply for an ETA online and eliminate the need to visit a government ...You can do this without an Australian visa, provided you meet all of the following criteria: will arrive in Australia by aircraft. have a confirmed ticket to leave Australia to travel to a third country, by aircraft within 8 hours of arriving. have a valid travel document to enter the country of destination. must not need to clear immigration ...Electronic Travel Authority (ETA) From 6 April 2022, all ETA-eligible passport holders can ap ply for an ETA using the Australian ETA app. For more information, see …*Product Disclaimer: Tourism Australia is not the owner, operator, advertiser or promoter of the listed products and services.Information on listed products and services, including Covid-safe accreditations, are provided by the third-party operator on their website or as published on Australian Tourism Data Warehouse where applicable.Visas to visit Australia. Whether you are visiting Australia for less than 72 hours or planning on a stay of several years you must have a valid Australian visa. A visa is a form of permission for a non-citizen to enter, transit or remain in a particular country. Information on visas to Australia can be found at the Department of Home Affairs.Cassowary Coast – So just what is a cassowary? It is a large flightless bird, somewhat similar to an emu, with bright blue plumage. Central Coast NSW Australia – 1.5-hours north of...How to apply for the Sri Lanka ETA from Australia. Australians can apply for the Sri Lanka ETA online by following these steps: Fill out the ETA Sri Lanka application form. Pay the ETA fees for Australians. Submit the ETA application for approval. Most Australians receive ETA approval in 1 to 2 business days. Australian travellers should print ...Electronic Travel Authority (ETA) From 6 April 2022, all ETA-eligible passport holders can ap ply for an ETA using the Australian ETA app. For more information, see …Christmas Traditions in Australia - Christmas in Australia is a warm-weather holiday. Find out about Christmas traditions in Australia, which usually involve the outdoors. Advertis...The Department of Home Affairs acknowledges the Traditional Custodians of Country throughout Australia and their continuing connection to land, sea and community. We pay our respects to all Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, their cultures and to their elders past, present and emerging.Like the Australia ETA mobile app, the New Zealand ETA mobile app is the fastest and most convenient way to apply for a New Zealand ETA. Ensure your mobile device is NFC-enabled , has a functional camera (with a minimum resolution of 540 x 720 pixels) and turns on the location services feature .The ETA Australia Visa is an electronic visa that authorizes travel to the Australian continent. It is not a physical document, but its presence is associated with the passport number used for the application. Only after obtaining the approval of the ETA visa will the applicant be allowed to board the plane or ship.The ABTC is intended to facilitate travel for short-stay business purposes. This includes: investigating, negotiating, signing or reviewing a business contract; or. participating in conferences, trade fairs or seminars. Australia also allows ABTC holders to use their card to travel to Australia for non-business purposes, such as to have a ...You need a transit visa if you’re from a visa-required country and: your international flight stops at a Canadian airport on its way to another country. you’ll be connecting between 2 international flights at a Canadian airport. you’ll transit through Canada in 48 hours or less. you don’t have a valid visitor visa. Apply for a transit visa.Enquiries. Visa and citizenship applications are managed by the Department of Home Affairs. Australian High Commission staff are unable to assist with general visa or citizenship enquiries. The Department of Home Affairs website has the most up to date and comprehensive information on applying for visas and citizenship. The ETA, or Electronic Travel Authority, for Australia is a document that grants travelers from certain countries permission to enter Australia. It is electronically linked to the visitor’s passport, and is designed for short-term stays in the country. An ETA allows the Australian government to track who is in the country at any given time. Feb 29, 2024 · To be eligible for an ETA to enter Australia, you must meet the following requirements: Hold a valid U.S. passport. You're traveling to Australia for tourism or business purposes only. You will stay in Australia for 90 days or less. You can't be in Australia at the time of your application. ETA Australia FAQ: most frequently asked questions about the Electronic Travel Authority. If you want to travel to Australia you need a valid visa. As a tourist there are 3 different tourist visas to choose from: The eVisitor (subclass 651), the ETA Visa (subclass 601) and the Visitor Visa (subclass 600). With all 3 visas you are not allowed to ... To apply for the eTA, you need: Australian passport valid 6 months beyond the intended travel date. Credit card or debit card to cover the eTA charge. Up-to-date email address. If you have more than one passport because of dual nationality, you must apply for the eTA and travel to Canada using the same passport. The ETA, or Electronic Travel Authority, for Australia is a document that grants travelers from certain countries permission to enter Australia. It is electronically linked to the visitor’s passport, and is designed for short-term stays in the country. An ETA allows the Australian government to track who is in the country at any given time. The Australian government has started the ETA program that allows travelers from certain countries to enter Australia for business or tourism purposes for up to 90 days at a time. It's a quick and easy way to get the travel authorization you need, without having to go through the more lengthy and complex process of applying for a traditional visa. Entering Australia on an SCV. For us to grant you an SCV when you enter Australia, you must: complete an Incoming Passenger Card, and. show a valid New Zealand passport to an officer. If you meet the eligibility requirements, we will grant you the SCV. This will also happen if you use SmartGate. If you leave Australia your SCV will cease. The eTA or eVisitor is a mandatory document for foreign travellers who wish to enter Australia for a short period of time, for tourism or for a business visit. It is an online formality that checks for criminal history and other factors that may affect a …Yes, as a Canadian citizen, you must hold a valid visa to travel to Australia. Fortunately, Canadians are eligible for the ETA, available online. The ETA is for trips of up to 3 months for leisure and business purposes. Canadians who wish to stay longer than 90 days need a different type of Australian visa, such as a Visitor Visa (Subclass 600).Australia, a Commonwealth country, does not have a president. The nation does have a prime minister. The prime minister of Australia is Malcolm Turnbull, the head of the Liberal Pa...The Australian government has started the ETA program that allows travelers from certain countries to enter Australia for business or tourism purposes for up to 90 days at a time. It's a quick and easy way to get the travel authorization you need, without having to go through the more lengthy and complex process of applying for a traditional visa.CancerAid presents at Startup BattlefieldETA lodgement is only available through the Australian ETA app which you can download for free from the Apple Store (Apple) or Google Play store (Android). The app provides an easy to use method to apply for an ETA using the technology available on mobile devices. This includes using the camera to scan a passport to pre-populate biographic data ...The Australian Department of Home Affairs provides that Singapore citizens visiting for short-term tourism or business may apply for the Electronic Travel Authority (visa subclass 601) via the ETA app (from Apple Store (Apple) or Google Play Store (Android)) before their travels. The ETA, if granted, will be valid for one year and will allow ...Australia is a massive country, with an area of approximately 2.97 million square miles and a population of approximately 23 million people as of 2014.The Australian Electronic Travel Authority (ETA) visa is a travel document that is electronically linked to your passport. It's a mandatory document for approved entry into the country for non-Australian citizens. This visa can be obtained from any online travel agent or the airport. It's appropriate for tourism or business visitor activities only.The ETA will allow you to stay in Australia for a maximum of three months for each visit. However, you will receive a visa approval for total period of 12 months and can travel as many times as you want until your visa has expired. 6. I am planning a holiday for more than three months in Australia.You can do this without an Australian visa, provided you meet all of the following criteria: will arrive in Australia by aircraft. have a confirmed ticket to leave Australia to travel to a third country, by aircraft within 8 hours of arriving. have a valid travel document to enter the country of destination. must not need to clear immigration ...How to apply for the Sri Lanka ETA from Australia. Australians can apply for the Sri Lanka ETA online by following these steps: Fill out the ETA Sri Lanka application form. Pay the ETA fees for Australians. Submit the ETA application for approval. Most Australians receive ETA approval in 1 to 2 business days. Australian travellers should print ...The eTA or eVisitor is a mandatory document for foreign travellers who wish to enter Australia for a short period of time, for tourism or for a business visit. It is an online formality that checks for criminal history and other factors that may affect a …To get an Australian ETA, Singapore citizens must fulfill some character, health, and security requirements. The department of home affairs has set an eligibility criterion that you must fulfill to get an electronic travel authorization, which is as follows: Applicants must have a valid passport with at least 3 months of remaining validity ...Sydney, Australia is a vibrant and bustling city that attracts millions of tourists each year. If you’re planning a trip to this beautiful city, finding suitable accommodation is e...Romanian nationals can obtain a required visa online by applying for an eVisitor visa in a few simple steps. The Australian eVisitor can be used for multiple entries to Australia, lasting up to 3 months (90 days) each time. The validity of the visa is 365 days (1 year) from the date of issue. The eVisitor visa cannot be extended, so in case ...To get an Australian ETA, Singapore citizens must fulfill some character, health, and security requirements. The department of home affairs has set an eligibility criterion that you must fulfill to get an electronic travel authorization, which is as follows: Applicants must have a valid passport with at least 3 months of remaining validity ...Two Richard Branson backed airlines are cozying up even more. Virgin Australia and Virgin Atlantic have announced they're expanding their codeshare partnership. Two Richard Branson...The ETA itself is free, but the service charge is about $15 (AUD 20) It must be applied for outside of Australia and can be submitted online. ETAs can't be extended. In order to stay longer, you must apply for another ETA or a different visa . ETA applications can be submitted anywhere from a couple of days to a year in advance of …code> Australian ETA or Electronic Travel Authority, is dedicated to nationals of a few countries in the world.The Australian Government introduced two types of electronic travel permits, i.e., ETA and eVisitor. Both travel authorizations are issued for purposes related to tourism and business and allow traveling to Australia numerous …Visas and citizenship applications are managed by the Department of Home Affairs. You may be eligible for an eVisitor visa or an Australian Electronic Travel Authority (ETA). For information applying for Australian visas, please visit explore visa options.. For information on entering and leaving Australia, please visit entering and leaving Australia. ...In just three simple steps, you'll be well on your way to exploring the wonders of Australia: Step 1: Get started by filling out the online form on our platform or iVisa app with your personal and travel details. Remember to be extra careful and ensure the information matches your passport precisely. Step 2: Next up, you can choose how soon …Most travellers need either an NZeTA or a visa to travel to New Zealand. This depends on the passport you are travelling on, and if you will be a visitor or a transit passenger. Check if you need an NZeTA or a visa. You …The Australian ETA visa is a Multiple Entry visa with a validity period of 1 year after issued, allowing a maximum stay of 90 days Per Entry.. Your ETA does not allow you to work within Australia: it is intended only for business and tourist activities. People with dual nationality should choose the nationality according to the passport to be used for travel.Australia is home to some of the world’s most beautiful and unique animals. In fact, 80 percent of the animals that live in Australia only can be found there, aCC0rding to Kids Wor...The ETA app provides an improved user experience through a simple, secure, convenient, fast and flexible platform from an individuals’ mobile device by automating a number of steps within an ETA application. Notification of the result of an application lodged through the ETA app will be received within 12 hours.CANADIAN eTA (ELECTRONIC TRAVEL AUTHORIZATION) FOR AUSTRALIAN CITIZENS Foreign travelers requiring an official eTA for travel to Canada please complete the following 3 step application for authorization. Please note: Applicants are required to hold a valid passport and have a valid email address for approval email for travel authorization … Electronic Travel Authority (ETA) Citizens of Japan travelling to Australia for up to 3 months for tourism, visiting friends or family, or on business visits can apply for an ETA through the Australian ETA App. Download the Australian ETA app for free from the App Store (Apple) or Google Play store (Android). Christmas Traditions in Australia - Christmas in Australia is a warm-weather holiday. Find out about Christmas traditions in Australia, which usually involve the outdoors. Advertis...Temporary Exemption from K-ETA for Australian Passport Holders DATE 2023-03-30. Please be informed that Australian Passport holders will temporarily be able to travel to Korea without K-ETA. This exemption will temporarily be in effect between 1/Apr/2023 and 31/Dec/2024.Having access to a reliable Australia phone numbers directory can be a great asset for any business. One of the most important things to remember when using an Australia phone numb...Are you tired of long grocery store lines and crowded aisles? Do you want to have the convenience of shopping from the comfort of your own home? Look no further than online shoppin...The ETA will allow you to stay in Australia for a maximum of three months for each visit. However, you will receive a visa approval for total period of 12 months and can travel as many times as you want until your visa has expired. 6. I am planning a holiday for more than three months in Australia.Once you receive Australia ETA / eVisitor visa approval, legally you are allowed to travel to Australia for the period of 12 months as many times as you want until your visa has expired. However, you may only stay in Australia for a maximum period of 3 months on each visit. To stay in Australia after this 3 months you must leave the country. An Australian Government mobile application that you can use to lodge an Australian Electronic Travel Authority (ETA) application. The ETA allows eligible passport holders to travel to Australia for short-term stays for tourism or business visitor purposes. See the Electronic Travel Authority website to find out more and check your eligibility ... Updated May 2020. Electronic Travel Authority (ETA) visa subclass 601 is one of the Visitor visa streams to stay temporary in Australia. This visa stream only can be applied by passport holders from certain countries. ETA allows you to visit Australia for holiday, cruise, visit family or friends and undertake some business visitor activities.The Electronic Travel Authority (Subclass 601) is for people intending to travel to Australia on a temporary basis for tourism or business purposes. Tourist ETA – The Tourist ETA applies for travel for tourism only. Tourism includes holidays, recreation and visiting family and/or friends. It is valid for 1 year for multiple journeys of up to ...An NZeTA request costs NZD $17 on our free app, or NZD $23 if completed online. Allow 72 hours for your NZeTA request to be processed. Many requests will be processed more quickly. You need: - a valid passport that you will use to travel to New Zealand. - a credit card or debit card (Visa or Mastercard) The Australian ETA (also known as the Subclass 601 Visa) is an electronic permit, allowing the holder to travel to Australia for tourism, a family visit, or business purposes. You can apply for an ETA entirely online from your home. It is much easier and quicker to obtain than a visa as it is entirely online, there are barely any document ... In the ever-growing world of online shopping, it can be overwhelming to choose the right retailer for your needs. With so many options available, it’s important to consider factors...Feb 16, 2024 · An Australia ETA (Electronic Travel Authority) is an electronic visa for tourism or short-term business visits, available to nationals from certain visa-exempt countries. It's digitally linked to your passport and allows multiple entries into Australia, each stay can be up to three months within a twelve-month validity period. Electronic Travel Authority (ETA) From 6 April 2022, all ETA-eligible passport holders can ap ply for an ETA using the Australian ETA app. For more information, see …Dec 19, 2022 · To get an Australian ETA, Singapore citizens must fulfill some character, health, and security requirements. The department of home affairs has set an eligibility criterion that you must fulfill to get an electronic travel authorization, which is as follows: Applicants must have a valid passport with at least 3 months of remaining validity ... How much it costs. It costs £10 to apply. Everyone travelling needs to get an ETA, including babies and children. You can apply for other people. You cannot get a refund after you apply.The ETA (Electronic Travel Authority, visa subclass 651) is an electronic visa for Australia that can be used to enter the country for tourism or business purposes.. With an ETA visa, travellers can enter Australia multiple times and stay for up to 90 days each visit.. The ETA visa for Australia remains valid for a maximum of 12 months.It cannot be renewed — …TikToker sid.ventures created a virtual map that documented his six-month journey on his motorcycle through Australia. After a long pandemic closure, Australia finally opened its b...Are you tired of long grocery store lines and crowded aisles? Do you want to have the convenience of shopping from the comfort of your own home? Look no further than online shoppin...Are you considering applying for work in Australia? With its strong economy and diverse job opportunities, it’s no wonder that many individuals around the world are drawn to this b... The Australian ETA (also known as the Subclass 601 Visa) is an electronic permit, allowing the holder to travel to Australia for tourism, a family visit, or business purposes. You can apply for an ETA entirely online from your home. It is much easier and quicker to obtain than a visa as it is entirely online, there are barely any document ... Five major rivers in Australia are River Murray, the Murrumbidgee River, the Darling River, the Lachlan River and Cooper Creek. They are the five longest rivers on the continent. T... An Australian Government mobile application that you can use to lodge an Australian Electronic Travel Authority (ETA) application. The ETA allows eligible passport holders to travel to Australia for short-term stays for tourism or business visitor purposes. See the Electronic Travel Authority website to find out more and check your eligibility ... The Electronic Travel Authority (Subclass 601) is for people intending to travel to Australia on a temporary basis for tourism or business purposes. Tourist ETA – The Tourist ETA applies for travel for tourism only. Tourism includes holidays, recreation and visiting family and/or friends. It is valid for 1 year for multiple journeys of up to ...to Australia. An ETA allows travellers from ETA eligible countries to visit Australia for tourism and business purposes for up to three months during the 12-month visa validity …Fees and charges for visas. The cost of visas changes from time to time. The cost of your visa is dependent on the date we receive your application. If there is a price increase between the date you lodge your application and the date we receive your application, you will need to pay the new application charge. Please ensure that your daily ... Visa processing time for an Australian ETA Tourist Visa (Subclass 601) The Electronic Travel Authority (ETA) is the most commonly used Australian Tourist Visa. The process can be completed online and requires no extra application forms, no visa labels and no passport stamps. blockquote>NOTE: India is a non-ETA eligible country.So it is impossible for Indian Citizens to get Australian ETA visa unless they are passport holders of other ETA eligible countries, for example USA.. So if you are an Indian citizen and you possess the second passport of a country which is ETA eligible, you can apply for an Australian visa.. … An Australian Government mobile application that you can use to lodge an Australian Electronic Travel Authority (ETA) application. The ETA allows eligible passport holders to travel to Australia for short-term stays for tourism or business visitor purposes. See the Electronic Travel Authority website to find out more and check your eligibility ... Most travellers need either an NZeTA or a visa to travel to New Zealand. This depends on the passport you are travelling on, and if you will be a visitor or a transit passenger. Check if you need an NZeTA or a visa. You …The Australian ETA allows multiple entries for a period of 12 months, and you can stay for a maximum of 90 days on every visit. Criminal Conviction . You must submit if you have ever been convicted of a crime, including domestic violence. Australia does not grant an ETA to foreigners with a criminal record.The ETA requirement does give authorities more time to investigate the background of visitors. You may assume that Australian authorities will not have access to Canada’s national database of criminal records , but there are other places where information about your record could exist, for example, in databases of court records.The Australia ETA for the citizens of Hong Kong is a travel item that allows Hongkongers to enter this country without much effort. It is available through an online form and it is electronically linked to their passports.Are you planning a trip to Australia? One of the essential items to consider before your departure is getting a SIM card that will keep you connected during your stay. With so many...MetaBank ETA prepaid Visa cards function like any other prepaid debit card, allowing cardholders to shop online, withdraw funds via ATMS and make signature and PIN purchases at bri...The Australian ETA is an electronic authorization for short-term visits (up to 3 months), available to eligible passport holders from select countries. The Visitor Visa (subclass 600) allows stays up to 12 months and has a broader eligibility.Dec 19, 2022 · To get an Australian ETA, Singapore citizens must fulfill some character, health, and security requirements. The department of home affairs has set an eligibility criterion that you must fulfill to get an electronic travel authorization, which is as follows: Applicants must have a valid passport with at least 3 months of remaining validity ... New Zealand Electronic Travel Authority (NZeTA) Check if you need an NZeTA or visa. Travellers who do not need an NZeTA. Arriving by cruise ship. Transit passengers. Visa waiver countries and territories. Transit visa waiver countries. Paying the International Visitor Conservation and Tourism Levy (IVL)
Australia is the one and only country on the Australian continent. However, the area was originally called Australasia. Australasia included the country of New Zealand and Papua Ne.... Plan route
Nov 30, 2023 · Australia Visas and Immigration have moved the Australian ETA’s application platform from online to a mobile app, known as the Australian ETA App.ETA stands for Electronic Travel Authority, which allows U.S. citizens to enter Australia for tourism for up to thirty (30) days. Australia ETA Subclass 601 Explained. An Australian Electronic Travel Authorization is a legal permission granted to citizens of eligible foreign nations to visit the country for tourism and business-related activities. The application for this visa is an easy, straightforward, and completely online process.An Electronic Travel Authorization (eTA) is an entry requirement for visa-exempt foreign nationals travelling to Canada by air. An eTA is electronically linked to a traveller’s passport. It is valid for up to five years or until the passport expires, whichever comes first. If you get a new passport, you need to get a new eTA.The Australia ETA for the citizens of Hong Kong is a travel item that allows Hongkongers to enter this country without much effort. It is available through an online form and it is electronically linked to their passports.Fill in the Application Form – Step by Step. To fill in the application form for the Australian eTA online, make sure you are outside of Australia and prepare your valid passport, credit card, and email address. Step 1: Visit etaaustraliaonline.com and click on the “ Apply Online for an eTA Visa ” button. Step 2: Choose your preferred eTA ...You need a transit visa if you’re from a visa-required country and: your international flight stops at a Canadian airport on its way to another country. you’ll be connecting between 2 international flights at a Canadian airport. you’ll transit through Canada in 48 hours or less. you don’t have a valid visitor visa. Apply for a transit visa. Yes, as a Canadian citizen, you must hold a valid visa to travel to Australia. Fortunately, Canadians are eligible for the ETA, available online. The ETA is for trips of up to 3 months for leisure and business purposes. Canadians who wish to stay longer than 90 days need a different type of Australian visa, such as a Visitor Visa (Subclass 600). The Australia ETA has three options: Standard processing service, pay the minimum fee of USD $66.28 and only wait 2 days for your authorization. Rush processing service, for a fair price of USD $110.28, you can receive the Australia ETA in just 24 hours. Super Rush processing service, the fastest option, only wait 1 hour for a USD $164.28 fee.The application process may differ depending on which visa you need. You can only apply for the Electronic Travel Authority visa (subclass 601) through the Australian ETA app. A step-by-step guide on how to apply is located here. For other visas, you can apply online by creating an ImmiAccount and completing the application process. Be sure to submit your …The Australian ETA for US nationals is an online travel authorization that replaces the need for a visa. The ETA covers vacations, business trips, and transit through Australia. It is valid for a year and allows multiple visits of up to 3 months. However, if a citizen of the United States wishes to stay in Australia for longer than 3 ...Once you receive Australia ETA / eVisitor visa approval, legally you are allowed to travel to Australia for the period of 12 months as many times as you want until your visa has expired. However, you may only stay in Australia for a maximum period of 3 months on each visit. To stay in Australia after this 3 months you must leave the country.The Australian ETA is an electronic permission to travel. This means that you won’t need to visit an Australian embassy or consulate and will be able to apply for your travel authorisation completely online. As long as you have access to a reliable internet connection and keep your supporting documents at hand, you should be able to complete ...For the processing time of your ETA, we offer three different options: Standard processing – your ETA application is processed within 2 days, and the price is USD $67.12 (service fees included). Rush processing – you will receive your ETA within 24 hours, and the total price of it is USD $112.12 (service fees included).HowStuffWorks visits the pink lakes of Australia. Advertisement Close your eyes and picture this. You're on vacation. The air is crisp, and the sun is shining. You're flying over a...The Australian ETA visa waiver for Canadians is an electronic travel authorization that allows travelers to visit Australia for purposes of tourism or business. It is a multiple-entry authorization appropriate for short-term visits to the country. Each trip can last up to 3 months in total. The Australia ETA for Canadians is valid for 1 year.Most travellers need either an NZeTA or a visa to travel to New Zealand. This depends on the passport you are travelling on, and if you will be a visitor or a transit passenger. Check if you need an NZeTA or a visa. You …ETA lodgement is only available through the Australian ETA app which you can download for free from the Apple Store (Apple) or Google Play store (Android). The app provides an easy to use method to apply for an ETA using the technology available on mobile devices. This includes using the camera to scan a passport to pre-populate biographic data ...Fill in the Application Form – Step by Step. To fill in the application form for the Australian eTA online, make sure you are outside of Australia and prepare your valid passport, credit card, and email address. Step 1: Visit etaaustraliaonline.com and click on the “ Apply Online for an eTA Visa ” button. Step 2: Choose your preferred eTA ...USA. US citizens can apply for electronic travel authorization online when travelling to Australia. Australia Electronic Travel Authority (ETA) is available online for US citizens. Australia tourist visa is also know as Australia 601 Visa. With this tourist visa stay is usually short with a period of 90 days and visa expires in 365 days.An ETA is an Australian visa that allows citizens of certain countries to visit Australia for business or tourism purposes for stays of up to three months. It is a quick and easy process that can be completed online, and once approved, the ETA is …Feb 7, 2024 · Eligibility: 33 nationalities are eligible. ETA validity: ETA is valid for 1 year, unlimited entries for up to 90 days each time. ETA fee: ETA is free of cost, but 20 AUD is payable for using the App. Processing time: In most cases, the ETA is granted immediately. If you haven’t already, read the Australia Visa Guide to familiarize yourself ... .